Миљан ГОГИЋ, Институти „GUARDIA“, „CAPITANEUS“ и „CAPITANEUS GUARDIAE“ у правним системима средњовјековних зетских комуна (7-18) Download
ABSTRACT: Everyday life in the medieval Zetan communes necessitated the regulation of issues pertaining to peace and security within the communes’ territories. The unimpeded performance of daily activities, the preservation of order and peace, as well as the protection of property, presupposed the existence of communal services obliged to maintain order within the commune and its district. This refers primarily to the institutions of the city captain and the guard.
Љубомир ПОПОВИЋ, Одраз Русије у Његошевим писмима (19-42) Download
ABSTRACT: The main goal of the paper is an analytical presentation of the reflection of the Russian Empire, the Russian ruler Nicholas I Romanov and members of the Russian imperial family, and Russian high-ranking figures and individuals in the correspondence of the Montenegrin metropolitan, ruler, poet and philosopher Peter II Petrovic Njegoš, who ruled Montenegro from 1830 to 1851. The analysis was carried out on the basis of three books of published letters that Peter II sent to other persons, as well as on the basis of relevant historiographical literature. The intention is to determine, based on Njegoš‘s letters, the importance and role of the then Russia for the theocratic Montenegro in its foreign and domestic policy, how the Montenegrin ruler perceived the importance of Russia for the Slavs on the Balkan Peninsula and, in general, in European politics in that period, as well as the place and significance of Russia in history and civilization. The paper is a contribution to the understanding of the cult of Russia and the Russian Tsar in Montenegro, as well as the history of Montenegrin‒Russian relations.
Никола БАБИЋ, Богдан МИЛАЧИЋ, Бранко СТЈЕПОВИЋ, Територија и административна подјела племена Бјелопавлића (1796‒1916) (43-66) Download
ABSTRACT: The paper „Territory and Administrative organization of the Bjelopavlics 1796–1916” deals with the research of spatial-political and administrative changes of one of the significant Montenegrin tribes during the period from the late 18th to the early 20th century. It analyzes the way in which the traditional territorial organization of the Bjelopavlićs influenced local administration and how the Ottoman and Montenegrin authorities and international influences shaped their administrative structure. Special attention is paid to demographic movements, the integration of the tribe into the broader state organization of Montenegro, the change of territories towards the Ottoman Empire and the issue of katuns and communes and tribal relations, demonstrating the complex relationship between traditional customs and formal state institutions.
Nemanja POPOVIĆ, The Gusinje crisis (1878–1880) and the demarcation of the Montenegrin border toward Old Serbia (1883–1887) (67-92) Download
ABSTRACT: This paper examines the Plav–Gusinje crisis (1878–1880) as the first major geopolitical issue involving the Principality of Montenegro following the Congress of Berlin. It analyzes the complex interaction between the Ottoman Empire, the Great Powers, Montenegro, and the Albanian League of Prizren, with particular emphasis on the Ottoman strategy of obstructing the implementation of the Berlin Treaty. The study argues that the Porte pursued a deliberate policy of diplomatic delay and political manipulation, including the instrumentalization of Albanian resistance, in order to retain control over the contested territories. Special attention is given to the role of Montenegrin diplomacy, particularly the activities of its envoys in Constantinople, who sought to secure territorial gains through both negotiation and strategic positioning within Great Power politics. The paper highlights how localized armed clashes in the Plav–Gusinje region, although limited in scale, significantly influenced diplomatic outcomes by complicating peaceful territorial transfer and prompting international intervention. The research further explores the shift from the initial insistence on the Berlin Treaty provisions toward a compromise solution, culminating in the cession of Ulcinj to Montenegro in 1880 as compensation for Plav and Gusinje. In addition, the paper analyzes the prolonged and complex process of border demarcation between Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire from 1880 to 1887, with special emphasis on the section of the border adjoining the Kosovo Vilayet, a region that, in Serb historiographical and national discourse, has most often been referred to as Old Serbia.
Marina ODAK, Pečati vojvoda Jakova i Anta Dakovića sa Grahova: vizuelno oblikovanje vojvodskog dostojanstva u Crnoj Gori XIX veka (93-116) Download
ABSTRACT: The paper is devoted to the personal seals of the vojvodas Jakov and Anto Daković of Grahovo, preserved in the holdings of the Court Archive of the National Museum of Montenegro in Cetinje. Special attention is paid to the crescent and star on Jakov’s seal and to the doubleheaded eagle on Anto’s seal. The analysis has shown that the motif on Jakov’s seal belongs to a broader post-Byzantine, East European, and Illyrian-heraldic repertoire present in Montenegro, while the eagle on Anto’s seal does not correspond to the developed state heraldic type, but is closer to an older ornamental pattern of the Byzantine-Balkan tradition.
Лазар РАДАН, Доња Трусина у Херцеговачком устанку (1875–1878): локалне структуре отпора и војна мобилизација (117-134) Download
ABSTRACT: The Herzegovinian Uprising (1875–1878) was one of the most significant uprisings of the Serbian people during the nineteenth century. It broke out in the Nevesinje region in the summer of 1875. Over the course of its three-year duration, the uprising spread across the Balkans and encompassed every town and village in Herzegovina. One of these was the village of Trusina ‒ a mountain pass situated between Dabar and Nevesinje. In its historical context, Trusina represents an important insurgent site, a place of armed clashes and battles, but also of agreements and negotiations. Geographically, it is divided into Gornja and Donja Trusina. This paper primarily examines the history of the village of Donja Trusina during the period of the uprising, as well as the broader historical context of Trusina’s position. The study is based on unpublished and published historical sources and scholarly literature, with the aim of shedding light on an importan
Филип ВУЧЕТИЋ, Политичке борбе у Црној Гори почетком XX вијека (135-150) Download
ABSTRACT: This paper will outline the political life in the Principality/ Kingdom of Montenegro at the beginning of the 20th century. The emphasis will be placed on the political conflicts of this period, fought between the People‘s Party and the Montenegrin university youth on one side, and the True People‘s Party and the royal court on the other. Special attention will be given to political figures and their activities. In the concluding section, we will show how the political disputes at the beginning of the century influenced the political life of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes/Yugoslavia.
Жарко ЛЕКОВИЋ, Марко Даковић у дјелима наших историографа (151-172) Download
ABSTRACT: Марко Даковић (1880 Грахово – 1941 Грчка), национални радник и политичар, адвокат. Био је најомиљенија личност код црногорске универзитетске омладине у Београду и први предсједник Клуба црногорске универзитетске омладине, основаног 1903. у Београду, називан „вођом Младе Црне Горе“. Основну школу завршио је у родном мјесту, гимназију и Правни факултет у Београду. Био је противник режима књаза Николе и борац за уједињење Црне Горе и Србије. Потписник Ријечи студентске омладине из марта 1906. године. У Бомбашкој афери 1908. на Цетињу осуђен је на смрт у одсуству, јер је успио да побјегне у Србију. Члан организације „Уједињење или смрт“, зване „Црна рука“. У складу са тајним споразумом између владе у Београду и Црногорске универзитетске омладине у вријеме анексионе кризе одлази у Швајцарску. Послије опште амнестије окривљених у Бомбашкој афери 11. априла 1913. вратио се у Црну Гору и на Цетињу отворио адвокатску канцеларију. Учествује у рату 1914–1916, а 1916. био је интерниран у логору Карлштајн, гдје је остао до капитулације централних сила. Иако је био изабран за посланика и узео активног учешћа у спровођењу уједињења, није учествовао у раду Подгоричке скупштине, јер се дуже задржао на путу за Црну Гору. Био је члан Извршног народног одбора, јануара 1919. изабран у Народно представништво, а 1920. у Народну скупштину. Повукао се из политичког живота октобра 1920. године и бавио се адвокатуром у Подгорици. Доласком владе Душана Симовића на управу земље 27. марта 1941. постаје министар без портфеља. Погинуо је у авионској несрећи приликом повлачења владе и принудног атерирања авиона у Грчкој у априлу 1941.
Дарко БАКИЋ, Црногорска народна скупштина у одговору на анексију Босне и Херцеговине (173-186) Download
ABSTRACT: The Austro-Hungarian annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina on October 7, 1908, caused great dissatisfaction in Montenegro. Sharp reactions followed from Prince Nikola, his government, and the people, as well as from the Montenegrin National Assembly. The Assembly was convened in an extraordinary session on October 12, 1908, at which an assembly resolution was adopted, condemning the arbitrary act of the Vienna government. The annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina was also the subject of debate at the regular parliamentary session that began in December 1908. At this session, the Parliament adopted a resolution supporting the exposé of Prime Minister Lazar Tomanović, in which he, responding to an interpellation from a group of MPs, informed parliamentarians about the steps the government has taken in response to the newly emerging situation.
Sandra MARKOVIĆ, Prilog o radu Narodne skupštine ‒ Narodnog predstavništva 1905‒1914. godine (187-200) Download
ABSTRACT: The Constitution of the Principality of Montenegro from 1905 stipulates that the Prince exercises legislative power together with the Assembly, and that until the ruler confirms them, the laws cannot be valid. The constitution also regulates the issues of appointing the president of Assembly, taking the oath of deputies, voting. The Constitution defined a significant area of work for the National Assembly.. The work of the National Assembly is evidenced by the Stenographic Notes of the Montenegrin National Assembly as well as valuable archival materials.Analyzing the normative acts related to the organization and work of the National Assembly and the provisions of the Constitution, stenographic notes and archival material from the funds of the National Assembly in the State Archive of Montenegro realizes the goal of insight into the way the Assembly was organized and acted in the period 1905 to 1916.
Иван РАДУЛОВИЋ, Звездана ЕЛЕЗОВИЋ, Примјер црногорских политичких борби током Првог свјетског рата (201-212) Download
ABSTRACT: World War I represented a key historical moment for Montenegro, characterized by political struggles between aspirations for unification with Serbia and the preservation of the Petrović dynasty. While the dominant forces among the people supported unification as part of a broader Serbian national movement, King Nikola opposed the concept of unification advocated by official Serbian policy. The text explores the role of Montenegrin emigration, the army, and the intelligentsia in these processes, as well as the political efforts of the émigré government to form a Montenegrin army. Special emphasis is placed on the examples of volunteers from the United States, whose patriotic aspirations and resistance to King Nikola’s manipulations reflect a deep awareness of the importance of the struggle for unification. The paper sheds light on the complex relations between the Allies and local actors during the war, pointing out the impact of these events on the future of Montenegro within the Yugoslav state.
Будимир АЛЕКСИЋ, Операције црногорске војске током Првог свјетског рата у новијим епским пјесмама (213-228) Download
ABSTRACT: From ancient times to our era, throughout the entire history of human society, wars and military clashes have been subjects of literary and artistic interpretation. Similarly, the wars our people have fought for centuries for freedom and unity have found their place in numerous works of oral and written literature. In this study, we will analyze a corpus of more recent decasyllabic and octosyllabic epic poems dedicated to the operations of the Montenegrin army during the First World War. These literary creations, in which we find many poetic qualities, represent a poetic glorification of a chivalrous era and its heroes who selflessly sacrificed themselves for their ideals and hopes. Among these poems, the verses of Radovan Bećirović from his poem „The Battle of Mojkovac” stand out with their height and strength of epic sweep and patriotic pathos.
Nikola PERKOVIĆ, Jugoslavija i međunarodna banka za obnovu i razvoj (229-254) Download
ABSTRACT: In the article based on unpublished archival material and relevant historiographical literature, the author analyzes the economic cooperation between Yugoslavia and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, founded in 1944 at the Bretton Woods Conference in the U.S. state of New Hampshire, during the period from the end of the Second World War to the mid-1970s. Together with other financial institutions established at the same conference—most notably the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund—it participated in the implementation of investment projects whose realization was intended to result in improved economic conditions in the member countries.
Jelisaveta BLAGOJEVIĆ, Transformacija civilno-vojnih odnosa u Crnoj Gori: od penetracijskog ka liberalnom modelu (255-271) Download
ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to highlight the transformation of civil–military relations from a penetration model of armed forces control within a one-party communist system, through its gradual liberalization, to the eventual establishment of democratic control over the armed forces. This trajectory corresponds to changes in political systems of governance (authoritarian – hybrid – democratic), state structures (federation – loose federation – unitary state), and the country’s commitment to integration into international security structures (the NATO alliance). The relevance and validity of the research are based on a theoretical approach to civil–military relations that synthesizes the theoretical insights of several authors (Huntington, Janowitz, Cohen, Feaver, Schiff) and outlines the essential characteristics of the penetration and liberal models of civil–military relations. The methodological framework relies on the historiographical method, content analysis of scholarly literature, publications, reports, strategies, and the like, as well as the case study method. Montenegro was selected as a former republic of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY) that underwent a transitional process of defence and security sector reform culminating in integration into Euro-Atlantic security structures ‒ namely, NATO membership ‒ and the establishment of democratic/parliamentary control over the military.
ПРИЛОЗИ
Мирко КАЛУЂЕРОВИЋ, Осмысление первой балканской войны и черногорского вопроса в общественном мнении россии (273-300) Download
АННОТАЦИЯ. В статье рассматривается восприятие российскими интеллектуальными кругами Первой Балканской войны и участия Черногории в ней. Проанализированы общественно-политически воззрения представителей российского общества, придерживающихся прославянских и просербских позиций. Показано, что российская интеллигенция поддерживала славянские народы в борьбе за свободу и независимость от Османской Империи. Война, как они отмечали, имела прогрессивный, морально-обоснованный и национально-патриотический характер. Выяснено, что черногорский вопрос вызвал сочувственный и большой отклик среди интеллигенции, чья солидарность с Черногорией проявилась в поддержке её стремлений занять Скадар (Скутари) и обеспечить себе более выгодные территориальные условия для общественного развития.
Ilija BAJOVIĆ, Погледи црногорске историографије и публицистике на тему „Подгоричка скупштина 1918. година“ (303-321) Download
ABSTRACT: This study examines the perspectives of Montenegrin historiographers and publicists concerning the unification of Montenegro and Serbia in 1918. It presents an overview of numerous historical, memoir, and journalistic works, as well as the differing interpretations of the process of unification.
Никола БАБИЋ, Даниловград у међуратном периоду (1918‒1941) (323-344) Download
ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the social, political, and economic development of Danilovgrad in the interwar period from 1918 to 1941, within the broader historical context of the creation and existence of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, and from 1929 onward, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Following the end of the First World War and the disappearance of the Kingdom of Montenegro, Danilovgrad faced significant administrative, political, and social changes that greatly influenced the everyday life of its population. The paper examines the consequences of the centralization of power, the implementation of agrarian reform, the development of local administration, as well as the dynamics of political organization and the activities of various ideological currents. Special attention is given to economic conditions, including agriculture as the dominant branch of the economy, crafts and trade, and the impact of the global economic crisis on the local community. The development of educational and cultural institutions, infrastructural progress, and demographic changes are also analyzed.
Петко МАНГАЧЕВ, Градивната дейност на Българския дипломатически корпус в Черна Гора (1897‒2026) (345-368) Download
ABSTRACT: Exactly such a topic has never been developed in Bulgarian historiography. There are separate publications dedicated to collecting archival materials from telegrams and reports of Bulgarian diplomats who worked in Montenegro. But their content contains only official information collected in one place, but not the specifics of their fact-rich activity. Those details are also missing through which one can trace the real parameters of the truly constructive activity of the Bulgarian diplomatic corps on Montenegrin soil. And it is in any case important in its significance, scope and direction. Because it is about the constantly growing in volume of building sincere friendly relations by those ten Bulgarian diplomats who have worked devotedly during different historical periods in the name of good neighborliness, mutual respect and prosperity of relations between our two countries. Overall, this is a new reading of Bulgarian-Montenegrin diplomatic history.
Zoran GUDOVIĆ, Prikaz crnogorskih partizana u proglasima: neki izvodi iz antifašističkog bića Crne Gore (369-392) Download
ABSTRACT: The four-year freedom struggle of the Montenegrin Partisans during the Second World War, as an expression of organized subordination within a system of command, confirmed the emergence of a serious and structured society. This struggle represented a comprehensive form of resistance armed, cultural, informational, and otherwise against Italian and German fascists and their domestic collaborators. The author demonstrates that the struggle for unity within the movement, strategies for mobilizing the masses, political work, various training programs, and combat tactics together constituted an indivisible system within the broader vision of resistance and ultimate liberation. The Montenegrin Partisans are presented through a selected corpus of proclamations, orders, and wartime analyses preserved in the existing documents of the National Liberation Movement. These sources also include acknowledgments by the Italian command, which recognized the Partisans as highly intelligent and, for their time, remarkably well-educated fighters. Nevertheless, the author also highlights certain weaknesses of the movement, deliberately abstracting from commonplaces and well-known events.
Zoran R. Jovović , Plišana revolucija i plišani razvod: od Čehoslovačke do Češke i Slovačke (393-412) Download
ABSTRACT: Democratic transition means the transition, that is, the transition period from undemocratic to democratic regime. In this complex process, which is characteristic of the societies of Central and Eastern Europe, including Czechoslovakia, or, after the official separation in 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia should achieve, in addition to democratic transition, economic and social transition, as well as the transition „head“. In the article, we focus on researching all the elements above mentioned, or to be more specific, we focus on the analysis of the wave of democratization, and then on research, firstly of the characteristics of internal actors in the frozen post-totalitarian regime, and the characteristics of the regime that had existed before the transition in Czechoslovakia and then, secondly, on the study of the “gentle revolution,” Charter 77 and the Civic Forum, which took power. What is essential, in addition to what is stated in the article, the electoral process is also studied, that is, the first, fair and free elections in Czechoslovakia and, finally, a gentle divorce or a plushy divorce. The method of content analysis and the comparative method are used in the research of this political phenomenon – a gentle revolution and a gentle split: From Czechoslovakia to the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Olga RADONJIĆ, Uloga i značaj pokreta Zelenih u političkoj transformaciji Njemačke (413-420) Download
ABSTRACT: This paper examines the role and significance of the Green movement in initiating transformative processes in Germany. Particular emphasis is placed on the historical development of the Greens, their ideological foundations and their institutional engagement, as well as their contribution to the development of climate policy at both the national and European levels. The study is based on a review of relevant scholarly literature and available empirical data to highlight the positive pro-environmental engagement of the Green movement, which has over time evolved from a marginal social movement into one of the key political actors in contemporary Germany.
Aleksandar ĆUKOVIĆ, Ideološki obrisi argumenata (421-431) Download
IN MEMORIAM,
Раденко ШЋЕКИЋ, Академик ЂОРЂЕ БОРОЗАН (433) Download
ПРИКАЗИ
Janko PAUNOVIĆ, Savo D. Marković, „Država i pravo kroz vjekove I (stari i srednji vijek)“ (437) Download
Петар МИЛОШЕВИЋ, Васиљ Грђић (1875–1934) Аутори: Боривоје Милошевић и Драга Мастиловић (443) Download
Раденко ШЋЕКИЋ, Политички односи у БиХ 1945‒1958 (Драженко Ђуровић) (447) Download
Здравко КРИВОКАПИЋ, Поводом књиге Сретена Ћузовића Отила: Призма и огледало (451) Download